For-cause testing is initiated based on which of the following?

For-cause testing is conducted when there are specific indicators or evidence suggesting that an employee may be under the influence of drugs or alcohol. This approach is proactive, aiming to address potential safety concerns or performance issues that arise from behaviors that can be linked to substance abuse.

In scenarios where an employee demonstrates erratic behavior, is involved in an accident, or shows signs of impairment, this type of testing becomes necessary. Such behaviors could jeopardize not only the individual's performance but also the safety of those around them, making it crucial for the organization to respond to these indicators promptly.

Other options like scheduled testing, employee requests, and annual performance reviews do not provide the individualized context required to justify for-cause testing. These methods are routine processes or evaluative measures that do not necessarily correlate with immediate behavioral concerns that might indicate substance misuse. In contrast, the reliance on observable behavior serving as a basis for testing directly addresses the potential risk associated with substance abuse in the workplace.